Gas Flow
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Technical Specs
| 1300 Series–Single Channel | |
| Pressure Range at Sample | 1 to 2 bar |
| Experimental Gas Inlets | 1 |
| Purge Capability | Yes |
| Gas Analysis Capability | No |
| Tubing System | All Metal |
| Biasing Contacts | 4 contacts |
| Heating Temperature | >1000°C |
| Holder Cleaning | Bakeable to 160° C |
| EELS / EDS Compatible | Yes |
| TEM Compatibility | TFS/FEI, JEOL, Hitachi, Zeiss |
* Contact us for Custom Configurations
Features
Overview
Our in-situ TEM gas cell specimen holder allows researchers tostudy material behavior in gases and at elevated temperatures (>1000°C), obtaining atomic resolution images ofgas-solid interactions at real-world reaction temperatures and pressures. Gases are introduced to the microfabricated environmental cell via one of our dedicated gas delivery systems. Cell pressure is fully user-controlled and can be adjusted from high vacuum to above atmospheric pressure. Local specimen heating is provided via an integrated MEMS heater with a temperature sensor calibrated for accurate readings. To ensure clean gas delivery, the entire holder can bebaked at up to 160°C. Now also with custom data/image integration options.
Sample research applications for which realistic reaction conditions can be created in the gas environmentalcell are:
- Gas catalysis
- Fuel-cell research
- Growth of nano-structures
- Thin film deposition
Gas Delivery
Hummingbird Scientific’s gas-flow holder comes with either a single-channel or a multi-channel delivery system.
Single-channel gas delivery system
Hummingbird’s single-channel gas delivery system delivers a single pressure-controlled gas to the environmental cell.
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Multi-channel gas delivery system
Hummingbird Scientific’s multi-channel gas delivery system is fully configurable and scalable, designed to deliver multiple pressure-controlled gases to an environmental cell at the same time.
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Heating
Our thin-film heating system for the gas holder discretely heats samples in the gas cell to > 1000ºC. Low-drift, high image stability and long lifetimes > 160 hours make the heating system not only robust, but allows tracking of the area of interest while imaging at high-magnification.
Heating is controlled via a custom-designed control box and software featuring closed-loop temperature control and four-point probe temperature sensing from an on-chip sensor, which is accurate enough to not only measure the sample temperature but to detect power changes small enough to be able to perform nano-calorimetry.
TEM Safety
Careful preparation of your samples and system are essential for effective use of environmental holders. A critical component of any holder system is a high-vacuum leak check station.
Our high-vacuum pumping station is a compact, all-in-one vacuum storage and seal-checking mechanism for TEM specimen holders. The station features short pumping and venting times, a low base pressure (<1e-6 mbar), and a glass viewing port for the holder tip.
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Accessories
Accessories available foryour gas-flow holder:
- Specialized Gas CellChips
- Vacuum Tip Cover
Related Products
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 | Liquid Holder See MoreThe liquid holder is a complete in-situ TEM lab system, enabling high-resolution material characterization in liquids. The system offers single-inlet, dual-inlet, heating, electrochemical, spectroscopy, and cross-correlative features for your research. |
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Featured Research
Atomistic interaction of gas-solid phase is important to understand the working mechanism of various catalyst materials. This is specifically the case for high-entropy alloy (HEA) atomistically mixed with more than five elements. A research team from the University of Illinois, Chicago (UIC), Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), University of Pittsburgh, University of California, Riverside, and Northwestern University used Hummingbird Gas TEM holder to study the oxidation and reduction behavior of FeCoNiCuPt HEA in air and hydrogen gas at 400 °C, respectively. As the particles are heated in air at 400 °C, there is a growth of the oxide layer around the particles. Upon introduction of hydrogen gas, there is a further expansion of the oxide layer which transforms into porous structures and there is an outward diffusion of all transition metals (Fe, Co, Ni and Cu). The work presented here provides fundamental insights into the new class of alloy NPs for catalytic applications.
Figure:In-situ TEM oxidation and reduction of CoNiCuPt nanoparticles upon heating at 400 °C, in air and hydrogen, respectively. A shown in the schematic, all transition metals diffuse out. Pt remains intact in the core.
Image Copyright © 2021 American Chemical Society
Reference: Song et al. Nano Lett. 2021, 21, 4, 1742–1748. DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04572
Video Spotlight
Kirkendahl effect in Co nanoparticles
These experiments show the changes in nanoparticle morphology during in-situ TEM oxidation of Co nanoparticles in oxygen at elevated temperatures. These kind of in-situ TEM observations are crucial in understanding of the fundamental relationships involved in catalytic activity in these materials.
Left: Movie of the formation of hollow core oxide shells when Co nanoparticles are heated from 150°C to 250°C in 1 bar of flowingoxygen.
Reference:H.L. Xin, K. Niu, D.H. Alsem and H. Zheng. “In-Situ TEM Study of Catalytic Nanoparticle Reactions in Atmospheric Pressure Gas Environment,” Microscopy & Microanalysis19 (2013) pp. 1558.Abstract
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America, 2013
Customization & Service
Selected Publications
| Alexandre C. Foucher, Daniel J. Rosen, Shengsong Yang, Dario Ferreira Sanchez, Ilia Sadykov, Daniel Grolimund, Anatoly I. Frenkel, Christopher B. Murray, and Eric A. Stach. “Stable and Efficient Ir Nanoshells for Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions,” Chemistry of Materials (2023) | Abstract |
| Alexandre C. Foucher, Shengsong Yang, Daniel J. Rosen, Renjing Huang, Jun Beom Pyo, Ohhun Kwon, Cameron J. Owen, Dario Ferreira Sanchez, Ilia I. Sadykov, Daniel Grolimund, Boris Kozinsky, Anatoly I. Frenkel, Raymond J. Gorte, Christopher B. Murray, and Eric A. Stach. “Synthesis and Characterization of Stable Cu–Pt Nanoparticles under Reductive and Oxidative Conditions,“ JACS (2023) | Abstract |
| Jennifer D. Lee, Jeffrey B. Miller, Anna V. Shneidman, Lixin Sun, Jason F. Weaver, Joanna Aizenberg, Juergen Biener, J. Anibal Boscoboinik, Alexandre C. Foucher, Anatoly I. Frenkel, Jessi E. S. van der Hoeven, Boris Kozinsky, Nicholas Marcella, Matthew M. Montemore, Hio Tong Ngan, Christopher R. O’Connor, Cameron J. Owen, Dario J. Stacchiola, Eric A. Stach, Robert J. Madix, Philippe Sautet, and Cynthia M. Friend. “Dilute Alloys Based on Au, Ag, or Cu for Efficient Catalysis: From Synthesis to Active Sites,” Chemical Reviews (2022) | Abstract |
| Jennifer D. Lee, Zhen Qi, Alexandre C. Foucher, Hio Tong Ngan, Kevin Dennis, Jun Cui, Ilia I. Sadykov, Ethan J. Crumlin, Philippe Sautet, Eric A. Stach, Cynthia M. Friend, Robert J. Madix, and Juergen Biener. “Facilitating Hydrogen Dissociation over Dilute Nanoporous Ti–Cu Catalysts,” JACS (2022) | Abstract |
| Prachi Pragnya, Daniel Gall, and Robert Hull. “In Situ High-Temperature TEM Observation of Inconel Corrosion by Molten Chloride Salts with N2, O2, or H2O,” J. Electrochem. Soc. (2022) | Abstract |
| Alexandre C. Foucher, Cameron J. Owen, Tanya Shirman, Joanna Aizenberg, Boris Kozinsky, and Eric A. Stach. “Atomic-Scale STEM Analysis Shows Structural Changes of Au–Pd Nanoparticles in Various Gaseous Environments,” J. Phys. Chem. C (2022) | Abstract |
| Alexandre C. Foucher, Jennifer D. Lee, Zhen Qi, Gengnan Li, Gaoyuan Ouyang, Jun Cui, Jorge Anibal Boscoboinik, Cynthia M. Friend, Juergen Biener, and Eric A. Stach. “Boosting the H2–D2 Exchange Activity of Dilute Nanoporous Ti–Cu Catalysts through Oxidation–Reduction Cycle–Induced Restructuring,” Advanced Engineering Materials (2022) | Abstract |
| Boao Song, Yong Yang, Timothy T. Yang, Kun He, Xiaobing Hu, Yifei Yuan, Vinayak P. Dravid, Michael R. Zachariah, Wissam A. Saidi, Yuzi Liu, and Reza Shahbazian-Yassar. “Revealing High-Temperature Reduction Dynamics of High-Entropy Alloy Nanoparticles via In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy,” Nano Letters (2021) | Abstract |
| Boao Song, Yong Yang, Muztoba Rabbani, Timothy T. Yang, Kun He, Xiaobing Hu, Yifei Yuan, Pankaj Ghildiyal, Vinayak P. Dravid, Michael R. Zachariah, Wissam A. Saidi, Yuzi Liu, and Reza Shahbazian-Yassar. “In Situ Oxidation Studies of High-Entropy Alloy Nanoparticles,” ACS Nano (2020) | Abstract |
| Mathilde Luneau, Erjia Guan, Wei Chen, Alexandre C. Foucher, Nicholas Marcella, Tanya Shirman, David M. A. Verbart, Joanna Aizenberg, Michael Aizenberg, Eric A. Stach, Robert J. Madix, Anatoly I. Frenkel & Cynthia M. Friend. “Enhancing catalytic performance of dilute metal alloy nanomaterials,” Communications Chemistry (2020) | Abstract |
| Boao Song, Timothy T. Yang, Yifei Yuan, Soroosh Sharifi-Asl, Meng Cheng, Wissam A. Saidi, Yuzi Liu, and Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, “Revealing Sintering Kinetics of MoS2‑Supported Metal Nanocatalysts in Atmospheric Gas Environments via Operando Transmission Electron Microscopy,” ACS Nano (2020) | Abstract |
| Mi Yoo, Young-Sang Yu, Hyunwoo Ha, Siwon Lee, Jin-Seok Choi, Sunyoung Oh, Eunji Kang, Hyuk Choi, Hyesung An, Kug-Seung Lee, Jeong Young Park, Richard Celestre, Matthew A. Marcus, Kasra Nowrouzi, Doug Taube, David A. Shapiro, WooChul Jung, Chunjoong Kim and Hyun You Kim . “A tailored oxide interface creates dense Pt single-atom catalysts with high catalytic activity,” Energy & Environmental Science (2020) | Abstract |
| Jun Kyu Kim, Yong-Ryun Jo, Seunghyun Kim, Bonjae Koo, Jun Hyuk Kim, Bong-Joong Kim, and WooChul Jung. “Exceptional Tunability over Size and Density of Spontaneously Formed Nanoparticles via Nucleation Dynamics,” ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (2020) | Abstract |
| John S. Mangum, Lauren M. Garten, David S. Ginley, and Brian P. Gorman. “Utilizing TiO2 amorphous precursors for polymorph selection: An in situ TEM study of phase formation and kinetics,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society (2019) | Abstract |
| Yimin A. Wu, Ian McNulty, Kah Chun Lau, Qi Liu, Arvydas P. Paulikas, Cheng-Jun Sun, Zhonghou Cai, Jeffrey R. Guest, Yang Ren, Vojislav Stamenkovic, Larry A. Curtiss, Yuzi Liu, and Tijana Rajh. “Facet-dependent active sites of a single Cu2O particle photocatalyst for CO2 reduction to methanol,” Nature Energy (2019) | Abstract |
| Karalee Jarvis, Chih-Chieh Wang, María Varela, Raymond R. Unocic, Arumugam Manthiram, and Paulo J. Ferreira. “Surface Reconstruction in Li-rich Layered Oxides of Li-ion Batteries,” Chemsitry of Materials (2017) | Abstract |
| Jeffery A. Aguiar, Nooraldeen R. Alkurd, Sarah Wozny, Maulik K. Patel, Mengjin Yang, Weilie Zhou, Mowafak Al-Jassim, Terry G. Holesinger, Kai Zhu and Joseph J. Berry. “In situ investigation of halide incorporation into perovskite solar cells,”MRS Communications (2017) | Abstract |
| Jeffery A. Aguiar, Sarah Wozny, Terry G. Holesinger, Toshihiro Aoki,d Maulik K. Patel, Mengjin Yang, Joseph J. Berry, Mowafak Al-Jassim, Weilie Zhou and Kai Zhu. “In situ investigation of the formation and metastability of formamidinium lead tri-iodide perovskite solar cells,” Energy & Environmental Science(2016) | Abstract |
| Yimin A. Wu, Liang Li, Zheng Li, Alper Kinaci, Maria K. Y. Chan, Yugang Sun, Jeffrey R. Guest, Ian McNulty, Tijana Rajh, and Yuzi Liu. “Visualizing Redox Dynamics of a Single Ag/AgCl Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst at Atomic Resolution,”ACS Nano(2016) | Abstract |
| T.G. Holesinger, S. Dey, J.A. Aguiar, P.A. Papin, J.A. Valdez, Y. Wang, B.P. Uberuaga, R.H. Castro. “Correlative and dtnamic in-situ S/TEM characterization of heavily irradiated pyrochlores and fluorites,” Microscopy and Microanalysis Meeting (2015) | |
| E.A. Stach, Y. Li, S. Zhao, A. Gamalski, K. Chen-Weigart, R. Tappero, J. Chen. “Characterizing working catalysts with correlated electron and photon probes,” Microscopy and Microanalysis Meeting (2015) | |
| J. Murphy, N.J. Salmon, D.H. Alsem. “Imaging Nano-Structures at High Temperature and Pressure Using a Windowed TEM Gas Cell Speciment Holder,” Microscopy and Microanalysis Meeting (2015) | |
| J. Murphy, N.J. Salmon, D.H. Alsem. “Imaging of Nano-Structures at High Temperatures and Pressures above One Atmosphere Using a Windowed TEM Gas Cell Specimen Holder,” Microscopy and Microanalysis Meeting (2015) | |
| Y. Li, D. Zakharov, S. Zhao, R. Tappero, U. Jung, A. Elsen, Ph. Baumann, R.G. Nuzzo,E.A. Stach & A.I. Frenkel, “Complex structural dynamics of nanocatalystsrevealed in Operando conditions by correlatedimaging and spectroscopy probes”. Nature Communications 6 ( | Abstract |
| R. Colby, D.H. Alsem, A. Liyu, B. Kabius. “A method for measuring the local gas pressure within a gas-flow stage in situ in the transmission electron microscope ” Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 153(2015) pp.55-60. | Abstract |
| D.H. Alsem, N.J. Salmon, R.R. Unocic, G.M. Veith, and K.L. More. “In-situ liquid and gas transmission electron microscopy of nano-scale materials,” Microscopy and Microanalysis18:S2 (2012) pp. 1158-1159. | Abstract |
| H.L. Xin, K. Niu, D.H. Alsem, and H. Zheng. “In-SituTEM Study of Catalytic Nanoparticle Reactions in Atmospheric Pressure Gas Environment,” Microscopy and Microanalysis19:6 (2013) pp. 1558‒1568. | Abstract |
| B. Colby, D.H. Alsem, and B. Kabius. “Estimating the Local Gas Pressure in a Gas Flow Cell Stage In-Situ using Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy,”Microscopy and Microanalysis19:S2 (2013) pp. 474 | Abstract |
| D.H. Alsem, R. Colby, S.W. Chee, B. Kabius and N.J. Salmon, “In-situ Characterization of Catalytic Reactions Using Environmental Cell TEM,” Materials Research Society fall meeting, Boston, MA, December 2013. | Abstract |
| D.H. Alsem, R.R. Unocic, G.M. Veith, K.L. More and N.J. Salmon. “Transmission Electron Microscopy of Nano-Scale Materials in Liquid and Gas Environments,” 12th European Microscopy Conference, Manchester, England, September 2012. | Abstract |
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